Country | Pakistan |
Population | 13004135 |
Area | 1,772 km2 (684 sq mi) |
Time Zone | UTC+5 (PKT) |
Coordinates | 31.558, 74.35071 |
Highest elevation | 231 m (758 ft) |
City Gallery
City Description
Lahore, the capital and largest city of the Pakistani province of Punjab, is a bustling metropolis with a population exceeding 13 million, making it the second largest city in Pakistan and the 26th largest in the world. Located in northeastern Punjab along the River Ravi, Lahore is the largest Punjabi-speaking city globally and a major industrial and economic hub in Pakistan. The city is known for its rich history, vibrant culture, and cosmopolitan lifestyle, making it one of Pakistan’s most socially liberal and progressive cities.
Lahore’s history dates back over two millennia, with its prominence rising in the late 10th century. Throughout the medieval era, it served as the capital of several empires, including the Hindu Shahis, Ghaznavids, and the Delhi Sultanate. The city reached its peak under the Mughal Empire between the late 16th and early 18th centuries, becoming one of the largest cities globally and serving as the Mughal capital for many years. During this time, Lahore was adorned with magnificent architectural works, many of which still stand today.
In 1739, the city was captured by Persian ruler Nader Shah, leading to a period of decline as it was contested by Afghans and Sikhs. Lahore eventually became the capital of the Sikh Empire in the early 19th century, regaining some of its former glory before being annexed by the British Raj in 1849. Under British rule, Lahore became the capital of British Punjab and played a central role in the independence movements of both India and Pakistan. The city was the site of the Declaration of Indian Independence and the resolution calling for the establishment of Pakistan.
Following the partition of British India in 1947, Lahore was declared the capital of Punjab in Pakistan. The city experienced significant rioting during the Partition period but emerged as a central cultural and economic hub in the newly formed Pakistan.
Geographically, Lahore is situated on the flat alluvial plains of the Punjab region, with the River Ravi running along its northern edge. The city experiences a hot semi-arid climate, with extremely hot summers, a monsoon season, and mild winters.
Culturally, Lahore exerts a profound influence over Pakistan. Designated a UNESCO City of Literature, it is a major center for Pakistan’s publishing industry and literary scene. Lahore is also a significant educational hub, home to some of the country’s leading universities, including the University of the Punjab, Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), and King Edward Medical University. Historically, Lahore was the heart of Pakistan’s film industry, Lollywood, although much of the filmmaking has shifted to Karachi in recent years. The city remains a major center for Qawwali music and other cultural expressions.
Lahore’s rich cultural heritage is evident in its numerous historical sites and landmarks. The Walled City of Lahore, with its narrow alleys and bustling bazaars, offers a glimpse into the city’s past. Major attractions include the Badshahi Mosque, Wazir Khan Mosque, and several Sikh and Sufi shrines. The Lahore Fort and Shalimar Gardens, both UNESCO World Heritage Sites, stand as testaments to the city’s glorious Mughal past.
Economically, Lahore is one of Pakistan’s most important cities. It serves as a major industrial and financial hub, contributing significantly to the country’s economy. Key industries in Lahore include textiles, electronics, steel, machinery, and chemicals. The city’s strategic location and well-developed infrastructure make it a critical center for trade and commerce.
Lahore’s human resources are strengthened by its diverse population and educational institutions. The city’s workforce is highly skilled, contributing to its robust economy and cultural vibrancy. The urban planning and infrastructure development in Lahore have also led to the creation of numerous green spaces and recreational areas, enhancing the quality of life for its residents.
In summary, Lahore is a city that seamlessly blends its rich historical past with modern advancements. Its strategic location, cultural wealth, and economic vitality make it a dynamic and influential metropolis in Pakistan and the broader South Asian region.
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