Country | Spain |
Area | 134.65 km2 (51.99 sq mi) |
Time Zone | UTC+01:00 (CET (GMT)) |
Coordinates | 39.47391, -0.37966 |
Highest elevation | 15 m (49 ft) |
City Gallery
City Description
Valencia, officially known in Valencian as València, is the capital of both the province and the autonomous community of the same name. As the third-most populated municipality in Spain, Valencia boasts a population of 807,693 inhabitants within the Ciudad de Valencia as of 2023, and a metropolitan population of 1,582,387 as of 2021 in the Huerta de Valencia. Located in eastern Spain, Valencia lies on the banks of the Turia River, along the east coast of the Iberian Peninsula on the Mediterranean Sea.
Founded as a Roman colony in 138 BC under the name Valentia Edetanorum, Valencia has a rich history that spans over two millennia. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, the city became part of the Visigothic Kingdom from 546 AD to 711 AD. The 8th century saw Islamic rule and acculturation, bringing new irrigation systems and crops that significantly influenced the region’s agriculture. In 1238, the city was conquered by Aragonese Christians and became the capital of the Kingdom of Valencia.
Valencia flourished in the 15th century, becoming a major trading hub with connections throughout the Iberian Peninsula, Italian ports, and other Mediterranean locations. By the end of the century, it was one of the largest cities in Europe. However, the 16th century brought challenges with the emergence of the Atlantic World trade and Barbary piracy, leading to an economic crisis exacerbated by the expulsion of the Moriscos in 1609.
The 18th century saw Valencia transform into a major silk manufacturing center, further cementing its economic importance. During the Spanish Civil War, the city temporarily served as the seat of the Spanish Government from 1936 to 1937. Today, the Port of Valencia is the 5th-busiest container port in Europe and the second busiest on the Mediterranean Sea, highlighting its ongoing commercial significance.
Valencia’s historic center is one of the largest in Spain, spanning approximately 169 hectares (420 acres). The city’s rich history is reflected in its numerous celebrations and traditions, such as the Falles (or Fallas), a vibrant festival declared a Fiesta of National Tourist Interest of Spain in 1965 and recognized as an intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO in November 2016.
Geographically, Valencia enjoys a Mediterranean climate with mild winters and hot summers, making it an attractive destination year-round. The city’s landscape is characterized by its historic architecture, modern buildings, and green spaces, including the Turia Gardens, which stretch along the former riverbed of the diverted Turia River.
Culturally, Valencia is a hub of arts, design, and sports. It was selected as the European Capital of Sport in 2011, the World Design Capital in 2022, and the European Green Capital for 2024. These accolades highlight the city’s commitment to sustainability, innovation, and a high quality of life. In 2022, Valencia was voted the world’s top destination for expatriates, based on criteria such as quality of life and affordability.
The city’s economy is diverse, with significant contributions from trade, tourism, technology, and education. Valencia’s port plays a crucial role in its economy, supporting trade and commerce. The city is also a center for research and innovation, with numerous universities and research institutions fostering a skilled workforce.
Valencia’s infrastructure is well-developed, with an extensive public transportation system that includes buses, trams, and a metro network. The city’s airport, Valencia Airport, connects it to major destinations across Europe and beyond, enhancing its accessibility.
Tourism is a major economic driver for Valencia, with millions of visitors attracted to its historic sites, cultural events, and beautiful beaches. Key attractions include the City of Arts and Sciences, the Valencia Cathedral, and the Central Market. The city’s culinary scene is also renowned, with traditional dishes such as paella showcasing the region’s gastronomic heritage.
In conclusion, Valencia is a dynamic and vibrant city that beautifully balances its rich historical heritage with modern growth and development. Its strategic location on the Mediterranean, diverse economy, and vibrant cultural scene make it a significant urban center in Spain. As Valencia continues to evolve, it remains a testament to the resilience and creativity of its people, offering a unique blend of tradition and innovation that captivates both residents and visitors alike.
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