Country | Pakistan |
Population | 1827001 |
Area | 3,721 km2 (1,437 sq mi) |
Time Zone | UTC+05:00 (PKT) |
Coordinates | 30.19679, 71.47824 |
Highest elevation | None |
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City Description
Multan, located in Punjab, Pakistan, is a vibrant city on the bank of the Chenab River. It is one of Pakistan’s five largest urban centers in 2024, serving as the administrative hub of Multan Division. Multan is a major cultural, religious, and economic center in the Punjab region, with a rich history that dates back thousands of years, making it one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in Asia.
The history of Multan stretches back to the early 6th century BC when it became part of the Achaemenid Empire. The city was famously besieged by Alexander the Great during his campaign against the Mallian people. It later fell under the control of the Umayyad military commander Muhammad bin Qasim in 712 CE, following the conquest of Sindh. By the 9th century, Multan had become the capital of the Emirate of Multan. Over the centuries, it came under the rule of the Ghaznavids and the Delhi Sultanate during the medieval period. In 1445, it became the capital of the Langah Sultanate. Under Mughal emperor Akbar, Multan was integrated as one of the provinces of the Mughal Empire. The British conquered Multan in 1848, incorporating it into British Punjab.
Multan has long been a significant trading center and a hub of knowledge and learning. During the medieval Islamic period in the Indian subcontinent, it attracted many Sufi mystics, earning it the nickname “City of Saints.” The city, along with nearby Uch, is renowned for its numerous Sufi shrines dating from that era, which continue to draw visitors from across the region.
Geographically, Multan is strategically located on the fertile plains of the Chenab River, contributing to its rich agricultural economy. The city experiences a hot desert climate, characterized by extremely hot summers and mild winters. This climate supports the cultivation of various crops, including wheat, sugarcane, and cotton, making agriculture a vital component of the local economy.
Culturally, Multan is a blend of ancient and modern influences. It is known for its traditional crafts, such as pottery and ceramics, which have been practiced for centuries. The city is also famous for its distinctive blue pottery and intricate tile work, often seen adorning the walls of its historic buildings and shrines. Additionally, Multan is renowned for its vibrant festivals and fairs, which celebrate its rich cultural heritage.
Economically, Multan is a bustling center of trade and commerce. The city has a diverse industrial base, including textile manufacturing, food processing, and chemical production. The Multan Dry Port facilitates international trade, boosting the city’s economic growth. Furthermore, the city’s strategic location on major road and rail networks enhances its connectivity with other parts of Pakistan and beyond.
Multan’s human resources are characterized by a mix of traditional and modern professions. The city is home to several educational institutions, including universities and colleges, which produce a skilled workforce in various fields. The healthcare sector is also well-developed, with numerous hospitals and clinics providing medical services to the city’s residents and surrounding areas.
In conclusion, Multan is a city steeped in history and culture, with a dynamic economy and a strategic location that continues to drive its growth and development. Its rich heritage, combined with its modern amenities and infrastructure, makes Multan a unique and vibrant city in Pakistan.
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